Last updated: 2018-12-05

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Expand here to see past versions:
    File Version Author Date Message
    Rmd bd6173a Luke Zappia 2018-12-05 Add gene ids to output files
    Rmd 858cf44 Luke Zappia 2018-12-04 Add hFK podocyte DE
    html 858cf44 Luke Zappia 2018-12-04 Add hFK podocyte DE
    html 582acea Luke Zappia 2018-12-03 Fix DE results summary plot cluster labels
    Rmd 14f8c80 Luke Zappia 2018-11-21 Fix filtered nephron DE output files
    html 14f8c80 Luke Zappia 2018-11-21 Fix filtered nephron DE output files
    Rmd 12df6e3 Luke Zappia 2018-11-20 Filter nephron cluster DE results
    html 12df6e3 Luke Zappia 2018-11-20 Filter nephron cluster DE results
    html a61f9c9 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13 Rebuild site
    html ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13 Switch to GitHub
    Rmd 7755ac7 Luke Zappia 2018-08-15 Add methods document
    Rmd bff4d5b Luke Zappia 2018-08-14 Add crossover document
    Rmd 30718d3 Luke Zappia 2018-08-14 Add nephron reclustering


# scRNA-seq
library("Seurat")

# Plotting
library("clustree")
library("viridis")

# Presentation
library("glue")
library("knitr")

# Parallel
library("BiocParallel")

# Paths
library("here")

# Output
library("writexl")
library("jsonlite")

# Tidyverse
library("tidyverse")
source(here("R/output.R"))
combined.path <- here("data/processed/Combined_clustered.Rds")
bpparam <- MulticoreParam(workers = 10)

Introduction

In this document we are going to recluster the nephron clusters identified in the combined analysis.

if (file.exists(combined.path)) {
    combined <- read_rds(combined.path)
} else {
    stop("Clustered Combined dataset is missing. ",
         "Please run '07_Combined_Clustering.Rmd' first.",
         call. = FALSE)
}
de.sig <- read_csv(here("output/07_Combined_Clustering/de_signature.csv"),
                   col_types = cols(Gene = col_character()))$Gene

Subsetting

clusters <- c(6, 7, 10, 15)
comb.neph <- SubsetData(combined, ident.use = clusters)
comb.neph <- RunTSNE(comb.neph, reduction.use = "cca.aligned", dims.use = 1:20)

We are going to select only the cells in clusters 6, 7, 10 and 15. This leaves us with 1964 cells.

Clustering

Selecting resolution

# Clear old clustering
not.res <- !grepl("res\\.", colnames(comb.neph@meta.data))
comb.neph@meta.data <- comb.neph@meta.data[, not.res]

n.dims <- 20
resolutions <- seq(0, 1, 0.1)
comb.neph <- FindClusters(comb.neph, reduction.type = "cca.aligned",
                          dims.use = 1:n.dims, resolution = resolutions,
                          force.recalc = TRUE)

Seurat has a resolution parameter that indirectly controls the number of clusters it produces. We tried clustering at a range of resolutions from 0 to 1.

t-SNE plots

Here are t-SNE plots of the different clusterings.

src_list <- lapply(resolutions, function(res) {
    src <- c("#### Res {{res}} {.unnumbered}",
             "```{r cluster-tSNE-{{res}}}",
             "TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.{{res}}', do.return = TRUE)",  
             "```",
             "")
    knit_expand(text = src)
})

out <- knit_child(text = unlist(src_list), options = list(cache = FALSE))

Res 0

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.1

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.1', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.1-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.2

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.2', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.2-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.3

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.3', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.3-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.4

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.4', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.4-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.5

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.5', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.5-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.6

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.6', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.6-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.7

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.7', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.7-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.8

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.8', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.8-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 0.9

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.0.9', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-0.9-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Res 1

TSNEPlot(comb.neph, group.by = 'res.1', do.return = TRUE)

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-tSNE-1-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Clustering tree

Standard

Coloured by clustering resolution.

clustree(comb.neph)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Stability

Coloured by the SC3 stability metric.

clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = "sc3_stability")

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-stability-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Gene expression

Coloured by the expression of some well-known kidney marker genes.

genes <- c("PECAM1", "CDH5", "MEIS1", "PDGFRA", "HMGB2", "CENPA", "SIX1",
           "DAPL1", "NPHS1", "PODXL", "S100A8", "TYROBP", "MAL", "EMX2",
           "LRP2", "GATA3", "SLC12A1", "SPINT2", "TUBB2B", "STMN2", "TTYH1",
           "HBA1", "HBG1")

is_present <- genes %in% rownames(comb.neph@data)

The following genes aren’t present in this dataset and will be skipped:

src_list <- lapply(genes[is_present], function(gene) {
    src <- c("##### {{gene}} {.unnumbered}",
             "```{r clustree-{{gene}}}",
             "clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = '{{gene}}',",
                      "node_colour_aggr = 'mean',",
             "exprs = 'scale.data') +",
             "scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)",
             "```",
             "")
    knit_expand(text = src)
})

out <- knit_child(text = unlist(src_list), options = list(cache = FALSE))
PECAM1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'PECAM1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-PECAM1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

CDH5
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'CDH5',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-CDH5-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

MEIS1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'MEIS1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-MEIS1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

PDGFRA
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'PDGFRA',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-PDGFRA-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

HMGB2
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'HMGB2',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-HMGB2-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

CENPA
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'CENPA',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-CENPA-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

SIX1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'SIX1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-SIX1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

DAPL1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'DAPL1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-DAPL1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

NPHS1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'NPHS1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-NPHS1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

PODXL
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'PODXL',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-PODXL-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

S100A8
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'S100A8',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-S100A8-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

TYROBP
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'TYROBP',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-TYROBP-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

MAL
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'MAL',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-MAL-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

EMX2
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'EMX2',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-EMX2-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

LRP2
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'LRP2',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-LRP2-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

GATA3
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'GATA3',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-GATA3-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

SLC12A1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'SLC12A1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-SLC12A1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

SPINT2
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'SPINT2',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-SPINT2-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

TUBB2B
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'TUBB2B',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-TUBB2B-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

STMN2
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'STMN2',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-STMN2-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

TTYH1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'TTYH1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

HBA1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'HBA1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-HBA1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

HBG1
clustree(comb.neph, node_colour = 'HBG1',
node_colour_aggr = 'mean',
exprs = 'scale.data') +
scale_colour_viridis_c(option = 'plasma', begin = 0.3)

Expand here to see past versions of clustree-HBG1-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

Selected resolution

res <- 0.6
comb.neph <- SetIdent(comb.neph,
                      ident.use = comb.neph@meta.data[, paste0("res.", res)])
n.clusts <- length(unique(comb.neph@ident))

Based on these plots we will use a resolution of 0.6.

Clusters

Let’s have a look at the clusters on a t-SNE plot.

p1 <- TSNEPlot(comb.neph, do.return = TRUE, pt.size = 0.5,
               group.by = "DatasetSample")
p2 <- TSNEPlot(comb.neph, do.label = TRUE, do.return = TRUE, pt.size = 0.5)
plot_grid(p1, p2)

Expand here to see past versions of tSNE-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

We can also look at the number of cells in each cluster.

plot.data <- comb.neph@meta.data %>%
    select(Dataset, cluster = paste0("res.", res)) %>%
    mutate(cluster = factor(as.numeric(cluster))) %>%
    group_by(cluster, Dataset) %>%
    summarise(count = n()) %>%
    mutate(clust_total = sum(count)) %>%
    mutate(clust_prop = count / clust_total) %>%
    group_by(Dataset) %>%
    mutate(dataset_total = sum(count)) %>%
    ungroup() %>%
    mutate(dataset_prop = count / dataset_total)

ggplot(plot.data, aes(x = cluster, y = count, fill = Dataset)) +
    geom_col()

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-sizes-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

We are also interested in what proportions of the cells in each cluster come from each datasets (i.e. are there dataset specific clusters?).

ggplot(plot.data, aes(x = cluster, y = clust_prop, fill = Dataset)) +
    geom_col()

Expand here to see past versions of cluster-props-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Alternatively we can look at what proportion of the cells in each dataset are in each cluster. If each dataset has the same distribution of cell types the heights of the bars should be the same.

ggplot(plot.data, aes(x = cluster, y = dataset_prop, fill = Dataset)) +
    geom_col(position = position_dodge(0.9))

Expand here to see past versions of dataset-props-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

Marker genes

Clustering is not very useful if we don’t know what cell types the clusters represent. One way to work that out is to look at marker genes, genes that are differentially expressed in one cluster compared to all other cells. Here we use the Wilcoxon rank sum test genes that are present in at least 10 percent of cells in at least one group (a cluster or all other cells).

markers <- bplapply(seq_len(n.clusts) - 1, function(cl) {
    cl.markers <- FindMarkers(comb.neph, cl, logfc.threshold = 0, min.pct = 0.1,
                              print.bar = FALSE)
    cl.markers$cluster <- cl
    cl.markers$gene <- rownames(cl.markers)
    return(cl.markers)
}, BPPARAM = bpparam)

markers <- bind_rows(markers) %>%
    select(gene, cluster, everything())

Here we print out the top two markers for each cluster.

markers %>% group_by(cluster) %>% top_n(2, abs(avg_logFC)) %>% data.frame

A heatmap can give us a better view. We show the top five positive marker genes for each cluster.

top <- markers %>% group_by(cluster) %>% top_n(5, avg_logFC)

cols <- viridis(100)[c(1, 50, 100)]

DoHeatmap(comb.neph, genes.use = top$gene, slim.col.label = TRUE,
          remove.key = TRUE, col.low = cols[1], col.mid = cols[2],
          col.high = cols[3])

Expand here to see past versions of markers-heatmap-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

By cluster

markers.list <- lapply(0:(n.clusts - 1), function(x) {
    markers %>%
        filter(cluster == x, p_val < 0.05) %>%
        dplyr::arrange(-avg_logFC) %>%
        select(Gene = gene, LogFC = avg_logFC, pVal = p_val)
})

names(markers.list) <- paste("Cluster", 0:(n.clusts - 1))
marker.summary <- markers.list %>%
    map2_df(names(markers.list), ~ mutate(.x, Cluster = .y)) %>%
    mutate(IsUp = LogFC > 0) %>%
    group_by(Cluster) %>%
    summarise(Up = sum(IsUp), Down = sum(!IsUp)) %>%
    mutate(Down = -Down) %>%
    gather(key = "Direction", value = "Count", -Cluster) %>%
    mutate(Cluster = factor(Cluster, levels = names(markers.list)))

ggplot(marker.summary,
       aes(x = fct_rev(Cluster), y = Count, fill = Direction)) +
    geom_col() +
    geom_text(aes(y = Count + sign(Count) * max(abs(Count)) * 0.07,
                  label = abs(Count)),
              size = 6, colour = "grey25") +
    coord_flip() +
    scale_fill_manual(values = c("#377eb8", "#e41a1c")) +
    ggtitle("Number of identified genes") +
    theme(axis.title = element_blank(),
          axis.line = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x = element_blank(),
          legend.position = "bottom")

Expand here to see past versions of marker-cluster-counts-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

We can also look at the full table of significant marker genes for each cluster.

src_list <- lapply(0:(n.clusts - 1), function(i) {
    src <- c("### {{i}} {.unnumbered}",
             "```{r marker-cluster-{{i}}}",
             "markers.list[[{{i}} + 1]]",
             "```",
             "")
    knit_expand(text = src)
})

out <- knit_child(text = unlist(src_list),
                  options = list(echo = FALSE, cache = FALSE))

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Conserved markers

Here we are going to look for genes that are cluster markers in both the Organoid and Lindstrom datasets. Each dataset will be tested individually and the results combined to see if they are present in both datasets.

skip <- comb.neph@meta.data %>%
    count(Group, Cluster = !! rlang::sym(paste0("res.", res))) %>%
    spread(Group, n) %>%
    replace_na(list(Organoid = 0L, Lindstrom = 0L)) %>%
    rowwise() %>%
    mutate(Skip = min(Organoid, Lindstrom) < 3) %>%
    arrange(as.numeric(Cluster)) %>%
    pull(Skip)

Skipped clusters

Testing conserved markers isn’t possible for clusters that only contain cells from one dataset. In this case the following clusters are skipped: 7

con.markers <- bplapply(seq_len(n.clusts) - 1, function(cl) {

    if (skip[cl + 1]) {
        message("Skipping cluster ", cl)
        cl.markers <- c()
    } else {
        cl.markers <- FindConservedMarkers(comb.neph, cl, grouping.var = "Group",
                                           logfc.threshold = 0, min.pct = 0.1,
                                           print.bar = FALSE)
        cl.markers$cluster <- cl
        cl.markers$gene <- rownames(cl.markers)
    }

    return(cl.markers)
}, BPPARAM = bpparam)

con.markers <- bind_rows(con.markers) %>%
    mutate(mean_avg_logFC = rowMeans(select(., ends_with("avg_logFC")))) %>%
    select(gene, cluster, mean_avg_logFC, max_pval, minimump_p_val,
           everything())

Here we print out the top two conserved markers for each cluster.

con.markers %>%
    group_by(cluster) %>%
    top_n(2, abs(mean_avg_logFC)) %>%
    data.frame

Again a heatmap can give us a better view. We show the top five positive conserved marker genes for each cluster.

top <- con.markers %>% group_by(cluster) %>% top_n(5, mean_avg_logFC)

cols <- viridis(100)[c(1, 50, 100)]

DoHeatmap(comb.neph, genes.use = top$gene, slim.col.label = TRUE,
          remove.key = TRUE, col.low = cols[1], col.mid = cols[2],
          col.high = cols[3])

Expand here to see past versions of con-markers-heatmap-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

By cluster

con.markers.list <- lapply(0:(n.clusts - 1), function(x) {
    con.markers %>%
        filter(cluster == x, max_pval < 0.05) %>%
        dplyr::arrange(-mean_avg_logFC) %>%
        select(Gene = gene,
               MeanLogFC= mean_avg_logFC,
               MaxPVal = max_pval,
               MinPVal = minimump_p_val,
               OrganoidLogFC = Organoid_avg_logFC,
               OrganoidPVal = Organoid_p_val,
               LindstromLogFC = Lindstrom_avg_logFC,
               LindstromPVal = Lindstrom_p_val)
})

names(con.markers.list) <- paste("Cluster", 0:(n.clusts - 1))
con.marker.summary <- con.markers.list %>%
    map2_df(names(con.markers.list), ~ mutate(.x, Cluster = .y)) %>%
    mutate(IsUp = MeanLogFC > 0) %>%
    group_by(Cluster) %>%
    summarise(Up = sum(IsUp), Down = sum(!IsUp)) %>%
    mutate(Down = -Down) %>%
    gather(key = "Direction", value = "Count", -Cluster) %>%
    mutate(Cluster = factor(Cluster, levels = names(markers.list)))

ggplot(con.marker.summary,
       aes(x = fct_rev(Cluster), y = Count, fill = Direction)) +
    geom_col() +
    geom_text(aes(y = Count + sign(Count) * max(abs(Count)) * 0.07,
                  label = abs(Count)),
              size = 6, colour = "grey25") +
    coord_flip() +
    scale_fill_manual(values = c("#377eb8", "#e41a1c")) +
    ggtitle("Number of identified genes") +
    theme(axis.title = element_blank(),
          axis.line = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x = element_blank(),
          legend.position = "bottom")

Expand here to see past versions of con-marker-cluster-counts-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

We can also look at the full table of significant conserved marker genes for each cluster.

src_list <- lapply(0:(length(con.markers.list)-1), function(i) {
    src <- c("### {{i}} {.unnumbered}",
             "```{r con-marker-cluster-{{i}}}",
             "con.markers.list[[{{i}} + 1]]",
             "```",
             "")
    knit_expand(text = src)
})

out <- knit_child(text = unlist(src_list),
                 options = list(echo = FALSE, cache = FALSE))

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Within cluster DE

We can also look for genes that are differentially expressed between the two datasets in the same cluster. This might help to identify differences in the same cell type between the difference experiments.

comb.neph@meta.data$GroupNephCluster <- paste(comb.neph@meta.data$Group,
                                              comb.neph@ident, sep = "_")
comb.neph <- StashIdent(comb.neph, save.name = "NephCluster")
comb.neph <- SetAllIdent(comb.neph, id = "GroupNephCluster")
plot.data <- AverageExpression(comb.neph, show.progress = FALSE) %>%
    rownames_to_column("Gene") %>%
    gather(key = "GroupCluster", value = "AvgExp", -Gene) %>%
    separate(GroupCluster, c("Group", "Cluster"), sep = "_") %>%
    mutate(Cluster = factor(as.numeric(Cluster))) %>%
    mutate(LogAvgExp = log1p(AvgExp)) %>%
    select(-AvgExp) %>%
    spread(Group, LogAvgExp) %>%
    replace_na(list(Organoid = 0, Lindstrom = 0)) %>%
    mutate(Avg = 0.5 * (Organoid + Lindstrom),
           Diff = Organoid - Lindstrom)

ggplot(plot.data, aes(x = Avg, y = Diff)) +
    geom_hline(yintercept = 0, colour = "red") +
    geom_point(size = 0.6, alpha = 0.2) +
    xlab("0.5 * (Organoid + Lindstrom)") +
    ylab("Organoid - Lindstrom") +
    facet_wrap(~ Cluster)

Expand here to see past versions of de-plots-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

cluster.de <- bplapply(seq_len(n.clusts) - 1, function(cl) {

    if (skip[cl + 1]) {
        message("Skipping cluster ", cl)
        cl.de <- c()
    } else {
        cl.de <- FindMarkers(comb.neph, paste("Organoid", cl, sep = "_"),
                             paste("Lindstrom", cl, sep = "_"),
                             logfc.threshold = 0, min.pct = 0.1,
                             print.bar = FALSE)
        cl.de$cluster <- cl
        cl.de$gene <- rownames(cl.de)
    }

    return(cl.de)
}, BPPARAM = bpparam)

cluster.de <- bind_rows(cluster.de) %>%
    select(gene, cluster, everything())

Here we print out the top two DE genes for each cluster.

cluster.de %>% group_by(cluster) %>% top_n(2, abs(avg_logFC)) %>% data.frame

Again a heatmap can give us a better view. We show the top five positive DE genes for each cluster.

top <- cluster.de %>% group_by(cluster) %>% top_n(5, avg_logFC)

cols <- viridis(100)[c(1, 50, 100)]

DoHeatmap(comb.neph, genes.use = top$gene, slim.col.label = TRUE,
          remove.key = TRUE, col.low = cols[1], col.mid = cols[2],
          col.high = cols[3])

Expand here to see past versions of de-heatmap-1.png:
Version Author Date
f31ab8a Luke Zappia 2018-08-14

By cluster

cluster.de.list <- lapply(0:(n.clusts - 1), function(x) {
    cluster.de %>%
        filter(cluster == x, p_val < 0.05) %>%
        dplyr::arrange(p_val) %>%
        select(Gene = gene, LogFC = avg_logFC, pVal = p_val)
})

names(cluster.de.list) <- paste("Cluster", 0:(n.clusts - 1))
cluster.de.summary <- cluster.de.list %>%
    map2_df(names(cluster.de.list), ~ mutate(.x, Cluster = .y)) %>%
    mutate(IsUp = LogFC > 0) %>%
    group_by(Cluster) %>%
    summarise(Up = sum(IsUp), Down = sum(!IsUp)) %>%
    mutate(Down = -Down) %>%
    gather(key = "Direction", value = "Count", -Cluster) %>%
    mutate(Cluster = factor(Cluster, levels = names(markers.list)))

ggplot(cluster.de.summary,
       aes(x = fct_rev(Cluster), y = Count, fill = Direction)) +
    geom_col() +
    geom_text(aes(y = Count + sign(Count) * max(abs(Count)) * 0.07,
                  label = abs(Count)),
              size = 6, colour = "grey25") +
    coord_flip() +
    scale_fill_manual(values = c("#377eb8", "#e41a1c")) +
    ggtitle("Number of identified genes") +
    theme(axis.title = element_blank(),
          axis.line = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x = element_blank(),
          legend.position = "bottom")

Expand here to see past versions of de-cluster-counts-1.png:
Version Author Date
ad10b21 Luke Zappia 2018-09-13

We can also look at the full table of significant DE genes for each cluster.

src_list <- lapply(0:(length(cluster.de.list) - 1), function(i) {
    src <- c("### {{i}} {.unnumbered}",
             "```{r de-cluster-{{i}}}",
             "cluster.de.list[[{{i}} + 1]]",
             "```",
             "")
    knit_expand(text = src)
})

out <- knit_child(text = unlist(src_list),
                  options = list(echo = FALSE, cache = FALSE))

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We can also produce filtered versions of these lists after removing the overall bewteen dataset DE signature.

cluster.de.filt <- filter(cluster.de, !(gene %in% de.sig))

cluster.de.list.filt <- map(cluster.de.list,
                            function(x) {filter(x, !(Gene %in% de.sig))})
comb.neph <- SetAllIdent(comb.neph, id = "NephCluster")

Human specific podocytes

hFK_pod_clust <- "7"
pod_clust <- "0"

Our analysis indicates that there is a small cluster (cluster 7) that appears to be podocytes but only contains fetal kidney cells. Let’s compare this cluster to the main podocyte cluster (cluster 0) to see what the differences are. Genes with positive foldchanges are up-regulated in the human specific cluster.

pod.de <- FindMarkers(comb.neph, hFK_pod_clust, pod_clust,
                      logfc.threshold = 0,
                      min.pct = 0.1, print.bar = FALSE)
pod.de <- pod.de %>% rownames_to_column("gene") %>%
    arrange(-avg_logFC)

pod.de %>%
    top_n(10, abs(avg_logFC)) %>% data.frame

Much of this list is the general between dataset difference. Let’s remove our DE signature again.

pod.de.filt <- pod.de %>% filter(!(gene %in% de.sig))

pod.de.filt %>%
    top_n(10, abs(avg_logFC)) %>% data.frame

Summary

Parameters

This table describes parameters used and set in this document.

params <- toJSON(list(
    list(
        Parameter = "clusters",
        Value = clusters,
        Description = "Selected nephron clusters"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "n_cells",
        Value = ncol(comb.neph@scale.data),
        Description = "Number of cells in the nephron dataset"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "n_genes",
        Value = nrow(comb.neph@scale.data),
        Description = "Number of genes in the nephron dataset"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "resolutions",
        Value = resolutions,
        Description = "Range of possible clustering resolutions"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "res",
        Value = res,
        Description = "Selected resolution parameter for clustering"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "n.clusts",
        Value = n.clusts,
        Description = "Number of clusters produced by selected resolution"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "skipped",
        Value = paste(seq(0, n.clusts - 1))[skip],
        Description = "Clusters skipped for conserved marker and DE testing"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "pod_clust",
        Value = pod_clust,
        Description = "Podocyte cluster"
    ),
    list(
        Parameter = "hFK_pod_clust",
        Value = hFK_pod_clust,
        Description = "Human fetal kidney specific podocyte cluster"
    )
), pretty = TRUE)

kable(fromJSON(params))
Parameter Value Description
clusters c(6, 7, 10, 15) Selected nephron clusters
n_cells 1964 Number of cells in the nephron dataset
n_genes 18812 Number of genes in the nephron dataset
resolutions c(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1) Range of possible clustering resolutions
res 0.6 Selected resolution parameter for clustering
n.clusts 8 Number of clusters produced by selected resolution
skipped 7 Clusters skipped for conserved marker and DE testing
pod_clust 0 Podocyte cluster
hFK_pod_clust 7 Human fetal kidney specific podocyte cluster

Output files

This table describes the output files produced by this document. Right click and Save Link As… to download the results.

write_rds(comb.neph, here("data/processed/Combined_nephron.Rds"))
expr <- AverageExpression(comb.neph, show.progress = FALSE) %>%
    rename_all(function(x) {paste0("Mean", x)}) %>%
    rownames_to_column("Gene")

prop <- AverageDetectionRate(comb.neph) %>%
    rename_all(function(x) {paste0("Prop", x)}) %>%
    rownames_to_column("Gene")

alt.cols <- c(rbind(colnames(prop), colnames(expr)))[-1]

cluster.expr <- expr %>%
    left_join(prop, by = "Gene") %>%
    select(alt.cols)

cluster.assign <- comb.neph@meta.data %>%
    select(Cell, Dataset, Sample, Barcode, Cluster = NephCluster)
dir.create(here("output", DOCNAME), showWarnings = FALSE)

write_lines(params, here("output", DOCNAME, "parameters.json"))
write_csv(cluster.assign, here("output", DOCNAME, "cluster_assignments.csv"))
write_csv(cluster.expr, here("output", DOCNAME, "cluster_expression.csv"))
writeGeneTable(markers, here("output", DOCNAME, "markers.csv"))
writeGeneTable(markers.list, here("output", DOCNAME, "markers.xlsx"))
writeGeneTable(con.markers, here("output", DOCNAME, "conserved_markers.csv"))
writeGeneTable(con.markers.list,
               here("output", DOCNAME, "conserved_markers.xlsx"))
writeGeneTable(cluster.de, here("output", DOCNAME, "cluster_de.csv"))
writeGeneTable(cluster.de.list, here("output", DOCNAME, "cluster_de.xlsx"))
writeGeneTable(cluster.de.filt,
               here("output", DOCNAME, "cluster_de_filtered.csv"))
writeGeneTable(cluster.de.list.filt,
           here("output", DOCNAME, "cluster_de_filtered.xlsx"))
writeGeneTable(pod.de, here("output", DOCNAME, "podocyte_de.csv"))
writeGeneTable(pod.de.filt,
               here("output", DOCNAME, "podocyte_de_filtered.csv"))

kable(data.frame(
    File = c(
        glue("[parameters.json]({getDownloadURL('parameters.json', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[cluster_assignments.csv]",
             "({getDownloadURL('cluster_assignments.csv', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[cluster_expression.csv]",
             "({getDownloadURL('cluster_expression.csv', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[markers.csv]({getDownloadURL('markers.csv.zip', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[markers.xlsx]({getDownloadURL('markers.xlsx', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[conserved_markers.csv]",
             "({getDownloadURL('conserved_markers.csv.zip', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[conserved_markers.xlsx]",
             "({getDownloadURL('conserved_markers.xlsx', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[cluster_de.csv]",
             "({getDownloadURL('cluster_de.csv.zip', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[cluster_de.xlsx]",
             "({getDownloadURL('cluster_de.xlsx', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[cluster_de_filtered.csv]",
             "({getDownloadURL('cluster_de_filtered.csv.zip', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[cluster_de_filtered.xlsx]",
             "({getDownloadURL('cluster_de_filtered.xlsx', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[podocyte_de.csv]",
             "({getDownloadURL('podocyte_de.csv.zip', DOCNAME)})"),
        glue("[podocyte_de_filtered.csv]",
             "({getDownloadURL('podocyte_de_filtered.csv.zip', DOCNAME)})")
    ),
    Description = c(
        "Parameters set and used in this analysis",
        "Cluster assignments for each cell",
        "Cluster expression for each gene",
        "Results of marker gene testing in CSV format",
        paste("Results of marker gene testing in XLSX format with one tab",
              "per cluster"),
        "Results of conserved marker gene testing in CSV format",
        paste("Results of conserved marker gene testing in XLSX format with",
              "one tab per cluster"),
        paste("Results of within cluster differential expression testing",
             "in CSV format"),
        paste("Results of within cluster differential expression testing",
             "in XLSX format with one cluster per tab"),
        paste("Results of within cluster differential expression testing",
             "after removing group DE signature in CSV format"),
        paste("Results of within cluster differential expression testing",
             "after removing group DE signature in XLSX format with one",
             "cluster per tab"),
        paste("Results of differential expression testing between human",
              "specific podocytes and other podocytes"),
        paste("Results of differential expression testing between human",
              "specific podocytes and other podocytes fter removing group",
              "DE signature")
    )
))
File Description
parameters.json Parameters set and used in this analysis
cluster_assignments.csv Cluster assignments for each cell
cluster_expression.csv Cluster expression for each gene
markers.csv Results of marker gene testing in CSV format
markers.xlsx Results of marker gene testing in XLSX format with one tab per cluster
conserved_markers.csv Results of conserved marker gene testing in CSV format
conserved_markers.xlsx Results of conserved marker gene testing in XLSX format with one tab per cluster
cluster_de.csv Results of within cluster differential expression testing in CSV format
cluster_de.xlsx Results of within cluster differential expression testing in XLSX format with one cluster per tab
cluster_de_filtered.csv Results of within cluster differential expression testing after removing group DE signature in CSV format
cluster_de_filtered.xlsx Results of within cluster differential expression testing after removing group DE signature in XLSX format with one cluster per tab
podocyte_de.csv Results of differential expression testing between human specific podocytes and other podocytes
podocyte_de_filtered.csv Results of differential expression testing between human specific podocytes and other podocytes fter removing group DE signature

Session information

devtools::session_info()
 setting  value                       
 version  R version 3.5.0 (2018-04-23)
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu           
 ui       X11                         
 language (EN)                        
 collate  en_US.UTF-8                 
 tz       Australia/Melbourne         
 date     2018-12-05                  

 package       * version    date       source                            
 abind           1.4-5      2016-07-21 cran (@1.4-5)                     
 acepack         1.4.1      2016-10-29 cran (@1.4.1)                     
 ape             5.1        2018-04-04 cran (@5.1)                       
 assertthat      0.2.0      2017-04-11 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 backports       1.1.2      2017-12-13 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 base          * 3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 base64enc       0.1-3      2015-07-28 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 bibtex          0.4.2      2017-06-30 cran (@0.4.2)                     
 bindr           0.1.1      2018-03-13 cran (@0.1.1)                     
 bindrcpp        0.2.2      2018-03-29 cran (@0.2.2)                     
 BiocParallel  * 1.14.2     2018-07-08 Bioconductor                      
 bitops          1.0-6      2013-08-17 cran (@1.0-6)                     
 broom           0.5.0      2018-07-17 cran (@0.5.0)                     
 caret           6.0-80     2018-05-26 cran (@6.0-80)                    
 caTools         1.17.1.1   2018-07-20 cran (@1.17.1.)                   
 cellranger      1.1.0      2016-07-27 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 checkmate       1.8.5      2017-10-24 cran (@1.8.5)                     
 class           7.3-14     2015-08-30 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 cli             1.0.0      2017-11-05 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 cluster         2.0.7-1    2018-04-13 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 clustree      * 0.2.2.9000 2018-08-01 Github (lazappi/clustree@66a865b) 
 codetools       0.2-15     2016-10-05 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 colorspace      1.3-2      2016-12-14 cran (@1.3-2)                     
 compiler        3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 cowplot       * 0.9.3      2018-07-15 cran (@0.9.3)                     
 crayon          1.3.4      2017-09-16 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 CVST            0.2-2      2018-05-26 cran (@0.2-2)                     
 data.table      1.11.4     2018-05-27 cran (@1.11.4)                    
 datasets      * 3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 ddalpha         1.3.4      2018-06-23 cran (@1.3.4)                     
 DEoptimR        1.0-8      2016-11-19 cran (@1.0-8)                     
 devtools        1.13.6     2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 diffusionMap    1.1-0.1    2018-07-21 cran (@1.1-0.1)                   
 digest          0.6.15     2018-01-28 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 dimRed          0.1.0      2017-05-04 cran (@0.1.0)                     
 diptest         0.75-7     2016-12-05 cran (@0.75-7)                    
 doSNOW          1.0.16     2017-12-13 cran (@1.0.16)                    
 dplyr         * 0.7.6      2018-06-29 cran (@0.7.6)                     
 DRR             0.0.3      2018-01-06 cran (@0.0.3)                     
 dtw             1.20-1     2018-05-18 cran (@1.20-1)                    
 evaluate        0.10.1     2017-06-24 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 fitdistrplus    1.0-9      2017-03-24 cran (@1.0-9)                     
 flexmix         2.3-14     2017-04-28 cran (@2.3-14)                    
 FNN             1.1        2013-07-31 cran (@1.1)                       
 forcats       * 0.3.0      2018-02-19 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 foreach         1.4.4      2017-12-12 cran (@1.4.4)                     
 foreign         0.8-71     2018-07-20 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 Formula         1.2-3      2018-05-03 cran (@1.2-3)                     
 fpc             2.1-11.1   2018-07-20 cran (@2.1-11.)                   
 gbRd            0.4-11     2012-10-01 cran (@0.4-11)                    
 gdata           2.18.0     2017-06-06 cran (@2.18.0)                    
 geometry        0.3-6      2015-09-09 cran (@0.3-6)                     
 ggforce         0.1.3      2018-07-07 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 ggplot2       * 3.0.0      2018-07-03 cran (@3.0.0)                     
 ggraph        * 1.0.2      2018-07-07 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 ggrepel         0.8.0      2018-05-09 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 ggridges        0.5.0      2018-04-05 cran (@0.5.0)                     
 git2r           0.21.0     2018-01-04 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 glue          * 1.3.0      2018-07-17 cran (@1.3.0)                     
 gower           0.1.2      2017-02-23 cran (@0.1.2)                     
 gplots          3.0.1      2016-03-30 cran (@3.0.1)                     
 graphics      * 3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 grDevices     * 3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 grid            3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 gridExtra       2.3        2017-09-09 cran (@2.3)                       
 gtable          0.2.0      2016-02-26 cran (@0.2.0)                     
 gtools          3.8.1      2018-06-26 cran (@3.8.1)                     
 haven           1.1.2      2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 here          * 0.1        2017-05-28 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 Hmisc           4.1-1      2018-01-03 cran (@4.1-1)                     
 hms             0.4.2      2018-03-10 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 htmlTable       1.12       2018-05-26 cran (@1.12)                      
 htmltools       0.3.6      2017-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 htmlwidgets     1.2        2018-04-19 cran (@1.2)                       
 httr            1.3.1      2017-08-20 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 ica             1.0-2      2018-05-24 cran (@1.0-2)                     
 igraph          1.2.2      2018-07-27 cran (@1.2.2)                     
 ipred           0.9-6      2017-03-01 cran (@0.9-6)                     
 irlba           2.3.2      2018-01-11 cran (@2.3.2)                     
 iterators       1.0.10     2018-07-13 cran (@1.0.10)                    
 jsonlite      * 1.5        2017-06-01 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 kernlab         0.9-26     2018-04-30 cran (@0.9-26)                    
 KernSmooth      2.23-15    2015-06-29 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 knitr         * 1.20       2018-02-20 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 lars            1.2        2013-04-24 cran (@1.2)                       
 lattice         0.20-35    2017-03-25 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 latticeExtra    0.6-28     2016-02-09 cran (@0.6-28)                    
 lava            1.6.2      2018-07-02 cran (@1.6.2)                     
 lazyeval        0.2.1      2017-10-29 cran (@0.2.1)                     
 lmtest          0.9-36     2018-04-04 cran (@0.9-36)                    
 lubridate       1.7.4      2018-04-11 cran (@1.7.4)                     
 magic           1.5-8      2018-01-26 cran (@1.5-8)                     
 magrittr        1.5        2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 MASS            7.3-50     2018-04-30 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 Matrix        * 1.2-14     2018-04-09 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 mclust          5.4.1      2018-06-27 cran (@5.4.1)                     
 memoise         1.1.0      2017-04-21 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 metap           1.0        2018-07-25 cran (@1.0)                       
 methods       * 3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 mixtools        1.1.0      2017-03-10 cran (@1.1.0)                     
 ModelMetrics    1.1.0      2016-08-26 cran (@1.1.0)                     
 modelr          0.1.2      2018-05-11 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 modeltools      0.2-22     2018-07-16 cran (@0.2-22)                    
 munsell         0.5.0      2018-06-12 cran (@0.5.0)                     
 mvtnorm         1.0-8      2018-05-31 cran (@1.0-8)                     
 nlme            3.1-137    2018-04-07 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 nnet            7.3-12     2016-02-02 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 parallel        3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 pbapply         1.3-4      2018-01-10 cran (@1.3-4)                     
 pillar          1.3.0      2018-07-14 cran (@1.3.0)                     
 pkgconfig       2.0.1      2017-03-21 cran (@2.0.1)                     
 pls             2.6-0      2016-12-18 cran (@2.6-0)                     
 plyr            1.8.4      2016-06-08 cran (@1.8.4)                     
 png             0.1-7      2013-12-03 cran (@0.1-7)                     
 prabclus        2.2-6      2015-01-14 cran (@2.2-6)                     
 prodlim         2018.04.18 2018-04-18 cran (@2018.04)                   
 proxy           0.4-22     2018-04-08 cran (@0.4-22)                    
 purrr         * 0.2.5      2018-05-29 cran (@0.2.5)                     
 R.methodsS3     1.7.1      2016-02-16 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 R.oo            1.22.0     2018-04-22 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 R.utils         2.6.0      2017-11-05 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 R6              2.2.2      2017-06-17 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 ranger          0.10.1     2018-06-04 cran (@0.10.1)                    
 RANN            2.6        2018-07-16 cran (@2.6)                       
 RColorBrewer    1.1-2      2014-12-07 cran (@1.1-2)                     
 Rcpp            0.12.18    2018-07-23 cran (@0.12.18)                   
 RcppRoll        0.3.0      2018-06-05 cran (@0.3.0)                     
 Rdpack          0.8-0      2018-05-24 cran (@0.8-0)                     
 readr         * 1.1.1      2017-05-16 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 readxl          1.1.0      2018-04-20 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 recipes         0.1.3      2018-06-16 cran (@0.1.3)                     
 reshape2        1.4.3      2017-12-11 cran (@1.4.3)                     
 reticulate      1.9        2018-07-06 cran (@1.9)                       
 rlang           0.2.1      2018-05-30 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 rmarkdown       1.10.2     2018-07-30 Github (rstudio/rmarkdown@18207b9)
 robustbase      0.93-2     2018-07-27 cran (@0.93-2)                    
 ROCR            1.0-7      2015-03-26 cran (@1.0-7)                     
 rpart           4.1-13     2018-02-23 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 rprojroot       1.3-2      2018-01-03 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 rstudioapi      0.7        2017-09-07 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 Rtsne           0.13       2017-04-14 cran (@0.13)                      
 rvest           0.3.2      2016-06-17 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 scales          0.5.0      2017-08-24 cran (@0.5.0)                     
 scatterplot3d   0.3-41     2018-03-14 cran (@0.3-41)                    
 SDMTools        1.1-221    2014-08-05 cran (@1.1-221)                   
 segmented       0.5-3.0    2017-11-30 cran (@0.5-3.0)                   
 Seurat        * 2.3.1      2018-05-05 url                               
 sfsmisc         1.1-2      2018-03-05 cran (@1.1-2)                     
 snow            0.4-2      2016-10-14 cran (@0.4-2)                     
 splines         3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 stats         * 3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 stats4          3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 stringi         1.2.4      2018-07-20 cran (@1.2.4)                     
 stringr       * 1.3.1      2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 survival        2.42-6     2018-07-13 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 tclust          1.4-1      2018-05-24 cran (@1.4-1)                     
 tibble        * 1.4.2      2018-01-22 cran (@1.4.2)                     
 tidyr         * 0.8.1      2018-05-18 cran (@0.8.1)                     
 tidyselect      0.2.4      2018-02-26 cran (@0.2.4)                     
 tidyverse     * 1.2.1      2017-11-14 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 timeDate        3043.102   2018-02-21 cran (@3043.10)                   
 tools           3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 trimcluster     0.1-2.1    2018-07-20 cran (@0.1-2.1)                   
 tsne            0.1-3      2016-07-15 cran (@0.1-3)                     
 tweenr          0.1.5      2016-10-10 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 units           0.6-0      2018-06-09 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 utils         * 3.5.0      2018-06-18 local                             
 VGAM            1.0-5      2018-02-07 cran (@1.0-5)                     
 viridis       * 0.5.1      2018-03-29 cran (@0.5.1)                     
 viridisLite   * 0.3.0      2018-02-01 cran (@0.3.0)                     
 whisker         0.3-2      2013-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 withr           2.1.2      2018-03-15 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 workflowr       1.1.1      2018-07-06 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 writexl       * 1.0        2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 xml2            1.2.0      2018-01-24 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 yaml            2.2.0      2018-07-25 cran (@2.2.0)                     
 zoo             1.8-3      2018-07-16 cran (@1.8-3)                     

This reproducible R Markdown analysis was created with workflowr 1.1.1